科技改變生活，改變世界
瞭解科技最新趨勢，讓我們預知未來。
本篇是財金社2018年度十大突破性技術系列文章的第二篇。
本篇主題是傳感城市（sensing city）。
人類對於未來城市的面貌有各式各樣的想像。
近幾年提的最多的莫過於“智慧城市”（smart city）。但是，“智慧城市”聽起來有點虛無縹緲，很多智慧城市項目由於高昂的耗資與成本而被迫擱淺。Numerous smart-city schemes have run into delays, dialed down their ambitious goals, or priced out everyone except the super-wealthy.
如今科學家們已經放棄了“智慧”，轉而改用確切可實現的“感測器化”（sensing）。
目前，世界上第一座傳感城市已經在加拿大多倫多準備開工了。這座未來城市項目被稱為Quayside。
Quayside是穀歌母公司Alphabet旗下的Sidewalk Labs負責的一個智慧城市試驗性專案。
該專案2017年10月對外公佈，預計在2019 年開始施工建設。
Project announced in October 2017; construction could begin in 2019
建成後，Quayside有望成為全球首個成功將尖端城市設計與前沿科技融合在一起的生活社區。
A Toronto neighborhood aims to be the first place to successfully integrate cutting-edge urban design with state-of-the-art digital technology.
專案希望能，利用龐大的感測器網路收集城市空氣品質、噪音水準、人口活動等多種資料，隨後指導設計、政策和技術決策。
One of the project’s goals is to base decisions about design, policy, and technology on information from an extensive network of sensors that gather data on everything from air quality to noise levels to people’s activities.
專案要求所有車輛都實現自動駕駛，並進入共用出行平臺。機器人會從事瑣碎的雜務，例如遞送郵件。Sidewalk Labs表示，將開放對該公司軟體和系統的訪問，讓其他公司可以在此基礎上開發服務，就像協力廠商為智慧手機開發應用一樣。
The plan calls for all vehicles to be autonomous and shared. Robots will roam underground doing menial chores like delivering the mail. Sidewalk Labs says it will open access to the software and systems it’s creating so other companies can build services on top of them, much as people build apps for mobile phones.
Sidewalk Labs計畫密切監控公共基礎設施，這引發了對資料管理和隱私保護的擔憂。不過Sidewalk Labs表示，可以通過與社區和當地政府的合作來解除這些擔憂。
The company intends to closely monitor public infrastructure, and this has raised concerns about data governance and privacy. But Sidewalk Labs believes it can work with the community and the local government to alleviate those worries.
Sidewalk Labs城市系統規劃負責人利特·阿加瓦拉（Rit Aggarwala）表示：“我們為Quayside所做的不同之處在於，這個項目不僅雄心勃勃，也有一定的人文關懷。”這或許有助於Quayside避免重蹈以往智慧城市計畫的覆轍。
“What’s distinctive about what we’re trying to do in Quayside is that the project is not only extraordinarily ambitious but also has a certain amount of humility,” says Rit Aggarwala, the executive in charge of Sidewalk Labs’ urban-systems planning. That humility may help Quayside avoid the pitfalls that have plagued previous smart-city initiatives.
負責Quayside開發的政府機構Waterfront Toronto表示，其他北美城市也在與Sidewalk Labs聯繫，希望成為下一個合作的城市。該機構CEO威爾·福萊西格（Will Fleissig）表示：“三藩市、丹佛、洛杉磯和波士頓都已經致電，希望獲得介紹。”
Other North American cities are already clamoring to be next on Sidewalk Labs’ list, according to Waterfront Toronto, the public agency overseeing Quayside’s development. “San Francisco, Denver, Los Angeles, and Boston have all called asking for introductions,” says the agency’s CEO, Will Fleissig. —Elizabeth Woyke
Source: MIT Technology Review
Edited by Coral Zhong
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